Promote the use of 5-axis high-speed equipment in car cover molds
2024-08-04 03:02:21
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Promote the use of 5-axis high-speed equipment in car cover molds
Source: China Bearing Network Time: 2017-12-02
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High-speed cutting theory is increasingly being accepted by CNC machining equipment and high-speed machining tool skills. High-speed cutting is an inductive concept; it involves many different skill areas; its presentation makes traditional processing ideas come into being Fundamental changes. Faced with such new processing skills; how to use it effectively; is a new battle for automotive mold making process. This article takes the company's existing 5-axis high-speed equipment as an example; analyzes 5-axis high-speed equipment In the car cover parts mold manufacturing process.
(1) The automobile cover piece mold has its own production characteristics. The main table is now: some shapes of the mold work are composed of non-mathematical surfaces; the appearance of the mold is oily, smooth and non-corrugated, and the ridge line is clear; because a car cover parts are generally required. Several pairs of molds can be completed; and each work surface must conform to the same mathematical model; therefore; its appearance roughness and shape accuracy requirements are high; there are many different punching directions in the wedge molds; This requires the production equipment to have the function of rotating the viewpoint.
(2) Function of high-speed milling equipment The main technical functions of our five-axis high-speed milling equipment: the maximum spindle speed is 18000r/min; the fastest spindle feed rate is 25m/min; the A-axis rotation viewpoint is ±110 degrees; the C-axis rotation viewpoint is ± 360 degrees; axial and radial depth of cut ≤ 0. 3 mm; device tool length shall not exceed 300mm; component shall not exceed 5 kg; five-axis linkage.
Features of high-speed milling: Because of high speed, fast feed, and low cutting amount; therefore, the cutting force is small, the cutting temperature is low, and the tool is scratched. The tip of the coal shovel is unpredictable. delete.
(3) Description of high-speed milling process The processing of automobile cover parts is mainly based on the profile; it is divided into three periods: roughing, semi-finishing and finishing according to the processing intention.
Roughing is based on the maximum amount of data removed per unit time; the quality of surface quality and shape accuracy is not high. Because most of the workpieces are mainly castings; the surface of the processing is hard and uneven; the company has low-speed milling equipment; rough processing We use powerful milling CNC equipment; the tool selects Φ63R8 ring milling cutter for contour cutting.
The primary intent of semi-finishing is to eliminate the errors left by roughing; the shape reaches a certain precision; the finishing allowance is more uniform; the high-speed finishing is prepared. Because the margin left after roughing is a kind Zigzag shape; especially the margin at the corner is larger; so the conventional CNC equipment is still used; the Φ30 ball-end milling cutter is selected for semi-finishing. The process is: first use a small-diameter ball-end milling cutter to evenly balance the corner And then use Φ30 ball-end milling cutter to combine large-scale processing.
The primary intent of finishing is to remove the semi-finishing allowance; to make the profile accuracy reach the skill requirement. The high-speed milling equipment is used for finishing; the Φ20 ball-end milling cutter is selected for parallel wire cutting method; to obtain high-quality work appearance; The amount of research.
Selection of three-axis simultaneous milling and five-axis simultaneous milling in finishing: because surface machining is a point-contact milling method; the curvature of the mold surface changes greatly; when using a ball-end milling cutter for three-axis simultaneous milling; tools and workpieces The contact point is changed along with the change of curvature; the cutting speed of the cutting point is zero; the cutting force is the most. The æ‚´æ¸ æ‚´æ¸ éª°å´¾è¾œ 骰崾辜 骰崾辜 骰崾辜 骰崾辜 ã‘ç »å¬· ã‘ç »å¬· 肯 肯 肯 肯 肯 肯 肯 肯 肯 肯 肯 肯 肯The Z-direction force is intensified. The cutting point of the tool radial point is the largest; the cutting force is the largest; the part participating in the cutting will also accelerate the blade wear at that point. That is to say; the cutting force is constantly changing during the whole cutting process; The larger the diameter, the greater the cutting force. Therefore, the small-diameter ball-end tool should be selected as much as possible to reduce the cutting force. However, the steep wall processing; the small diameter and the long tool bar are not conducive to high-speed machining.
Compared with three-axis simultaneous milling; five-axis simultaneous milling has certain advantages. It can pass the movement of two rotating shafts; always adhere to the tool axis and the workpiece appearance to a certain (or necessarily scale) viewpoint; avoid the maximum cutting speed point And the cutting speed is zero; the cutting force is adhered to a certain stability; the processing of the steep wall does not need to lengthen the arbor; there are a plurality of different sizing directions and holes on the mold; the five-axis linkage milling can also simplify the processing. Process; reduce the assist time for correcting the knife. But the spindle of the five-axis linkage device is too large; the diameter of the clamped tool is small and short; it can be dry with the workpiece during processing; this constrains its rotation viewpoint; Narrow and deep troughs, deep cavities and other parts are difficult to process. Therefore, the five-axis simultaneous milling method is used in the production of automotive exterior cover molds; currently it is mainly applied to mold parts with a flat surface, small curvature and little change; External cover cover molds, etc.. However, the outer cover parts of the car have a messy surface and a large change in curvature; therefore, we often fix a certain point of view processing, or use 3 2-axis equipment.
The use of high-speed milling; not only its high speed; but also the application of the process plan; in the production of automotive exterior cover molds; high-speed milling skills are still a starting period; affected by other factors such as tools, processed materials; The advantages of processing have not been fully realized; but the way of high-speed machining will always be our subject.
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