Current management of peanuts in the middle and late stages
In the middle and late stages of peanut growth, continuous rainy weather, low temperature, insufficient light, or continuous drought can easily lead to poor growth and development of peanut plants. On the other hand, abundant rain, strong light, and high temperature can easily lead to peanut plants. excessive growth. Both of these aspects can cause poor development of peanut pods, which directly affects yield and quality. Therefore, it is very important to strengthen the middle and late management of peanut fields. It is summarized as "prevention of disease prevention and control, control of prosperousness and failure."
1. Timely prevention and control of peanut leaf spot disease: In the middle and late period, it is a serious period of occurrence of peanut leaf spot disease , which is harmful and directly affects the fullness of peanut. Peanut leaf spot mainly includes brown spot, black spot, net spot and focal spot. The symptoms of field leaf spot disease in the field are obvious. Brown spot: The leaf spot is brown or dark brown, and the back of the leaf is brown or yellowish brown. A yellow halo is formed around the initial lesion. In severe cases, several lesions form together to form irregular large lesions, which gradually dry out. Black spot: The spot of the primary brown needle is gradually enlarged into a round lesion. The lesion begins to be light brown, then becomes dark brown or dark brown. There are many small black spots on the back of the leaf, arranged in a regular concentric wheel. Grain. Net spot disease: The lesions first occur in the basal leaves, which are white net-like, and the lesions are enlarged, from white to brown to dark brown, forming plaques with unclear edges. Focal spot disease: The lesion begins with the tip of the leaf or the edge of the leaf, initially de-greening, gradually yellowing, browning, and developing in a wedge (V) shape to the petiole. The main agents for controlling peanut leaf spot are: physical protective agent 200 times of high fat film, 120200 times of biological agent agricultural resistance and 400 times of marine biological agent No. 1 The chemical agent is 1000 times of benzotriazole alcohol, 1000 times of chlorothalonil, 1500 times of diniconazole, 600 times of leaf spot net II, Bordeaux mixture, 400 times of mancozeb, etc., and 75 kg of liquid per acre. Maintaining good leaves in summer and wheat peanuts is especially important for yield improvement.
2, prevention and control of peanut pests: In the middle and late stages of peanut growth, the main pests are cotton bollworm and red spider, with strong outbreaks and wide surface. The first generation of cotton bollworm occurred in the wheat field, the second generation was the spring peanut, the third generation was the peanut, the fourth generation was the peanut, the first to third instar larvae were stripped of the young leaves and flower buds, and entered the gluttony period from the fourth age, three years old. Previously, the control effect was better. Red spiders are prone to occur in the late drought. The main agents for controlling cotton bollworm are: 50% phoxim emulsion or 1500 times of 20% fast-killing emulsifiable concentrate, 1500 times of 2.5% enemy killing emulsifiable concentrate, and 1200 times of 20% methomyl. The main drugs for controlling red spiders are: 20% Guangkewei 1000 times, 40% Lego emulsifiable oil 800 times, 50% cotton boll emulsifiable oil 800 times and so on.
3, control is prosperous: the soil is rich in nitrogen fertilizer, in case of high temperature and rain, it is prone to appear long, when the main stem of the peanut reaches 40 cm, it should be controlled to grow. The method is as follows: 15% paclobutrazol wet powder is used for 50 kg per mu, and the concentration is 100 ppm solution, and the foliar surface is evenly sprayed, and the application concentration should not be too high, otherwise the leaves and peanuts will be damaged. Or 50 kg of water per mu for foliar spraying of 20 g of Zhuangshen An. In the green food peanut production field, it is strictly forbidden to use chemical plant growth regulators, and it is necessary to manually remove the growth points of the main stem and side branches of the peanuts for control.
4. Dredge drainage channels: If the peanuts grow continuously in the middle of the rainy period, the water in the soil will be saturated, and the permeability of the soil will be poor. After a long time, the quality of the peanuts will be affected. Therefore, it is necessary to clear the drainage channels in time to avoid the accumulation of water in the field. And allow future rainfall to be discharged in time to prevent premature aging.
5, spray leaf fertilizer : with potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2 mu per acre to 4 two white sugar, foliar spray. Or use 5% ~ 10% leachate of grass ash, spray 60 kg per acre, or use 2,116 bags per day, 2, apricot spray.
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