The main species of plant dyes

Plant dyes are the most widely used and most widely used dyes in natural dyes. A wide variety of plants can extract pigments that can be processed into plant-based natural dyes to color fibers and other materials. These plants are called "dye plants." The plants used for dyes are:

1, Su Mu

Sapphire is a red vegetable dye. Hematoxylin contains multiple hydroxyl groups, is easily soluble in water, and displays different shades of red at different pH levels. Hematoxylin and different mordants can be used to dye different colors (dark red, purple, red, red dates, etc.). It has been widely used as a dye since ancient times, and it is called "Suga color". Sapphire can dye natural wool and cotton. In particular, bright red can be seen on silk. Hematoxylin extracted from hematoxylin can be dyed black with chromium oxide as a mordant, which is called hematoxylin.

2. Scorpion

Belongs to the yellow line of vegetable dyes. In fact, it refers to the dried ripe fruit of wolfberry fruit. Silk fabrics can be directly dyed. The amount of dyes has the greatest influence on the dyeing results. The dyes have better lifting performance. When the mordant is suitable for the use of post-mortem dyeing, compared with the direct dyeing, the fabric dyed after the color of the fabric does not change significantly, in addition to no more than 3 light fastness, the other fastness is basically in the 4 above.

3, indigo

Blue plant dyes. Indigo leaves contain urinary blue mothers. Urine blue mothers are decomposed by saccharifying enzymes or alkaline agents in alkaline fermentation broths to liberate colorless indole phenols, which are then oxidized and condensed in air to blue lakes (indigo dyes). . Modern ethnic minorities such as Miao, Yao, Yi, Buyi still use indigo to process tie-dye and batik ethnic handicrafts.

4, purple grass

Lithospermum, also known as blood, riyal, red stone root, can be used as a purple plant dye. The pigment is mainly found in the roots, and the chemical components are mainly naphthoquinone derivatives such as lithospermum and acetyllithium.

5, chestnut peel

Chestnut shell is one of the natural dyes that have been recorded in ancient times and is a brown vegetable dye. Chestnut shells, bark, and leaves are used for dyeing. These parts contain a large amount of tannins, which produces a good dyeing effect.