Effects of Dietary Different Levels of L-Arginine on Performance, Serum Amino Acid Concentration and Immunobiochemical Parameters of Lactating Sows
The high selection of modern sows has greatly improved their reproductive performance. As the litter size is further increased, the amount of lactation must be continuously increased to meet the piglet weight gain requirements. Arginine is a nutrient necessary for optimal development of the sow's mammary gland. It stimulates the body's secretion of prolactin and growth hormone necessary for breast development. The supply of arginine in traditional sow diets is provided in accordance with NRC (1998) standards. NRC mainly derives the requirement of the essential amino acid by the lysine requirement for maintenance, milk synthesis and body protein deposition and its ideal ratio with other essential amino acids, wherein the amino acid pattern in the milk is considered to be the amino acid of the diet. The ideal model, but Trottier et al. found that estimating the essential arginine used for milk synthesis based on the amino acid model in milk does not meet the lactation needs of high fertility sows because arginine is also involved in breast tissue. Other metabolism, arginine as an important amino acid in the body, its breast tissue absorption greatly exceeds its milk output. When the level of arginine in the sow diet is insufficient, the lactation performance of the sow cannot be fully exerted, resulting in excessive weight loss in the sow during lactation, prolonging the interval between weaning and estrus, and unsatisfactory development of the piglets. . In recent years, many studies have shown that increasing the concentration of arginine in sow diet can significantly increase the daily milk production of sows, the weaning weight of piglets and the weight of weaning, but about the high-yield lactating sows with about 12 litters. The amount of arginine required is rarely reported at home and abroad. To determine the arginine requirement of high-producing lactating sows, this study investigated the effects of adding different levels of L-arginine (L-Arg) on ​​the performance of sows and the growth performance of suckling piglets in high-yield sow diets. It is scientifically determined to determine the appropriate amount of L-Arg in the diet of lactating sows.
and methods
1.1 Test materials
L-arginine hydrochloride (content ≥ 99.8%).
1.2 test design and feeding management
The test was conducted in a single factor test design. 32 sows (long white × approximately gram) with similar body weight and good health were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups, 8 replicates in each group, and 1 sow per replicate. Each group was fed with basal diet supplemented with 0 (control), 0.8% (0.8% L-Arg), 1.0% (1.0% L-Arg) and 1.2% L-Arg (1.2% L-Arg). Test diet.
1.3 test diet
The corn-soybean-based basal diet was prepared according to the NRC (1998) lactating sow nutritional standard, as shown in Table 1.
2 Results and analysis
2.1 The concentration of serum amino acids in lactating sows
As can be seen from Table 2, the concentrations of arginine and proline in the serum of the lactating sows in the 1.0% L-Arg and 1.2% L-Arg groups on days 10 and 18 were significantly higher than those in the control group (P). <0.01), the concentration of arginine and proline in the serum of 0.8% L-Arg lactating sows and the concentration of ornithine in the serum of 1.0% L-Arg and 1.2% L-Arg lactating sows were significantly increased ( P < 0.05). Compared with the 0.8% L-Arg group, the concentrations of arginine and proline in the serum of the lactating sows in the 1.0% L-Arg and 1.2% L-Arg groups on day 10 and day 18 were significantly increased (P<0.05). ). The concentrations of arginine, ornithine and proline in the serum of lactating sows in 1.0% L-Arg and 1.2% L-Arg groups were not significantly different (P>0.05).
In this experiment, it was found that the concentration of ornithine in the 0.8% L-Arg group was not significantly different from that in the control group. Adding different levels of L-Arg to the diet significantly or significantly increased arginine in the serum of lactating sows. The concentration of ornithine and proline increased the concentration of arginine, ornithine and proline in the serum of lactating sows in a certain range with the increase of L-Arg concentration in the diet.
1.2 lactating sow serum immune biochemical indicators
As can be seen from Table 3, on the 10th day and the 18th day, the total protein concentration in the serum of the control group, 0.8% L-Arg group, 1.0% L-Arg group and 1.2% L-Arg group was not significant (P >0.05); Compared with the control group, the concentrations of albumin, IgM and IgG in the serum of the lactating sows in the 0.8% L-Arg, 1.0% L-Arg and 1.2% L-Arg groups were significantly increased (P<0.05). The urea nitrogen concentration was significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the urea nitrogen concentration in the 1.0% L-Arg group was the lowest, but 0.8% L-Arg, 1.0% L-Arg and 1.2% L-Arg group. There were no significant differences in serum albumin, IgM, IgG and urea nitrogen concentrations between the lactating sows (P>0.05).
In this test, the addition of arginine to the diet increased serum IgM and IgG concentrations on day 10 and day 18 of sow lactation.
2.3 maternal pig production performance
As can be seen from Table 4, on days 10 and 18, compared with the control group, 0.8% L-Arg, 1.0% L-Arg, and 1.2% L-Arg group were weaned, weaned, and average daily gain of suckling piglets. There was a significant increase (P<0.05). Among them, the 1.0% L-Arg group had the highest weaning weight, weaning weight, and the average daily weight gain of the suckling piglets increased the most, but the difference between the three added groups was not significant (P>0.05). . The estrus interval after weaning in 1.0% L-Arg group was significantly shorter than that in the control group, 0.8% L-Arg group and 1.2% L-Arg group (P<0.05), control group, 0.8% L-Arg group and 1.2%. There was no significant difference in estrus interval between the L-Arg group and the weaning interval (P>0.05), but the estrus interval after weaning in the 0.8% L-Arg and 1.2% L-Arg groups was shortened.
The results of this experiment showed that 0.8%, 1.0% and 1.2% L-Arg in the whole lactation diet of lactating sows significantly increased the weaning weight, weaning weight and average daily gain of piglets, but different L The addition level of -Arg has a difference in the improvement of the performance of the female piglets. For sow production performance, the addition of 1.0% L-Arg is significantly better than the addition of 0.8% and 1.2% L-Arg.
3 Discussion
　 (Omitted)
4 Conclusions
1 Adding arginine to the diet can increase the concentration of some amino acids in the serum of lactating sows, improve the metabolism and immune function of lactating sows, and improve the growth performance of piglets while shortening the estrus interval after sow weaning;
2 Under the conditions of this experiment, the optimal addition amount of L-Arg in lactating sows was 1.0%.
This article is provided by Asia-Pacific Xingmu, from "The effect of different levels of L-arginine on the production performance, serum amino acid concentration and immunochemical parameters of lactating sows", Journal of Animal Nutrition 2012, 24(11): 2103-2109
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