China’s implementation of the most stringent new environmental protection law in history will be implemented on January 1 next year.

China’s highest authority on the 24th passed the most stringent environmental law amendments in history. The new environmental protection law will be implemented on January 1 next year. This will provide the most powerful environmental protection backing for the world's second largest economy, which is plagued by environmental problems, and help to reverse the deterioration of the ecological environment that has accompanied its rapid economic development. .
After four deliberations, the amendment to the Environmental Protection Law was approved by the Eighth Session of the Standing Committee of the 12th National People's Congress on the 24th. Environmental experts here believe that the revised environmental protection law may become the most stringent administrative law in the professional field in the current law.
The revised Environmental Protection Law further clarified the government's responsibility for supervision and management of environmental protection, and improved the basic system of environmental protection such as ecological protection red line, total pollutant control, environmental monitoring and environmental impact assessment, and joint administrative control across administrative areas. Corporate pollution prevention and control responsibilities have increased legal sanctions for environmental violations. They have also made systematic regulations on government and enterprises to disclose environmental information and public participation, and supervise environmental protection. The legal provisions have also increased from 47 to 70. The enforceability and operability of the law.
The "Environmental Protection Law" that has been in operation for 25 years is obviously unsuitable for the characteristics of economic and social development and new concepts, and there are problems such as poor operationality and weak environmental protection law enforcement.
At the same time, the extensive development model of long-term excessive pursuit of GDP growth has led to a three-dimensional pollution that threatens people's health by the combination of the atmosphere, water and soil. Environmental issues have become China's biggest livelihood issue, affecting social peace and economic development, and testing the CCP's ability to govern.
Xiamen, Dalian, Sichuan Shifang, Jiangsu Qidong, Zhejiang Ningbo and other places have successively erupted “green-related mass incidents”; illegal killing of wild animals continues to cause concern; unsafe food has become a long-term public concern.
How to reduce the public's environmental fear and distrust of the government from the institutional and legislative levels, balance the relationship between public appeals and economic development, and explore the path of modern social development has become an important proposition in China's development.
For any country, environmental governance is a comprehensive issue and a problem. Chinese environmental protection experts pointed out that it is necessary to use the reform method to start from the system and integrate the governance smog into a comprehensive, perfect and long-term mechanism system and mode of thinking.
The 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward the concept of "beautiful China, sustainable development" and wrote the ecological civilization into the party constitution for the first time.
In the "Decision" adopted by the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee, the construction of ecological civilization has become one of the important reform issues, and it is proposed to "promote the formation of a new pattern of harmonious development of man and nature."
China, which is at a critical stage in building a well-off society in an all-round way, has initiated a process of comprehensively deepening reforms. Gao Jixi, head of the ecological red line division expert group of the Ministry of Environmental Protection, said that urban governance and planning is the source of pollution control, and it is necessary to adhere to the simultaneous development of new industrialization, informationization, urbanization and agricultural modernization.
Cao Xianghong, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, called for the price reforms in the fields of water, electricity, gas and oil to be carried out, so that polluters can bear more costs.
Lu Hao, chairman of the National People's Congress Environment and Resources Protection Committee, pointed out that when he talked about the “12th Five-Year Plan” energy conservation and emission reduction targets, he pointed out that fundamentally speaking, only by improving relevant laws, regulations and standards, can energy conservation and emission reduction be included in the law. The track of benign development.
The amendments to the Environmental Protection Law in 2011 were included in the legislative plan of the 11th National People's Congress. After four deliberations and two public consultations, the dust was finally settled on April 24, three years later.
Gao Jixi pointed out that the new environmental protection law has strengthened the government's responsibility and expanded the government's responsibility to the level of “supervision and management”. The pollution control results will also be used as one of the indicators for local officials. “In short, the construction of government responsibility is comprehensive, diverse and in-depth.”
Due to the lack of legal powers, the Ministry of Environmental Protection used to be able to conduct a one-time national inspection campaign and publish a list of polluters. Illegal companies can continue to pollute the environment after paying a one-time fine far below the law-abiding cost.
In the future, the Ministry of Environmental Protection will have more legal powers to impose more stringent penalties on environmental damage and related responsible units, including shutting down polluting enterprises and confiscation of polluting facilities and equipment.
In addition, the improvement of the ecological protection red line will make it impossible for industries that may cause pollution to enter protected areas, including national key ecological function areas, ecological environment sensitive areas and vulnerable areas.
The revised contents of the new environmental protection law also include strengthening environmental protection publicity, raising citizens' awareness of environmental protection; protecting the whistle-blowers; and expanding environmental public interest litigation subjects.
Gao Jixi believes that the protection of whistle-blowers is the first time in the fourth trial of the draft. It provides institutional channels and a good environment for citizens to supervise the government and responsible persons of pollution, and will encourage more citizens to participate consciously in environmental protection. With the improvement of the environmental public interest litigation system and the confirmation of the qualifications of the social organizations for public interest litigation, more enterprises or individuals who have suffered pollution damage will submit civil compensation requirements and investigate the responsibility of the responsible person of the polluting enterprise.
China's environmental protection legal system includes more than 30 relevant laws and more than 90 administrative regulations. As the main environmental protection law, the future will inevitably form a “system cage” for the protection of China's ecological civilization along with the relevant special laws that will be amended accordingly. Beautiful China.

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