Increase the amount of tryptophan to make pigs more "quiet"
US - Increasing the amount of dietary tryptophan added can reduce the activity and aggressive behavior of gilts in the growing season, which is the conclusion of a research team in West Lafayette.
USDA-ARS (Agricultural Research Service of the US Department of Agriculture) R. Poletto of the Livestock Behavior Research Group in West Lafayette collaborated with colleagues at Purdue University to conduct a study to examine the behavior of dietary supplementation with tryptophan for growing pigs. influences. Their papers will soon be published in the Journal of Applied Animal Behavior.
Aggressive behavior can be a major problem for pig production because it can adversely affect pig health and well-being, Poletto and her colleagues say. Increased tryptophan (TRP) can increase the level of the brain's five strong color ammonia (5-HT), which plays an important role in the control of aggressive behavior. Combined with long-term good community management, it can reduce the stress level of pigs. .
The purpose of their study was to short-term feeding high-tryptophan diets (3 months old) and finishing sows (6 months old) with or without community treatment, measuring their activity intensity and aggressive behavior.
The collaterals of the unrelated 6 fields were divided into two zones, with a balance between parity, community treatment (with and without) and dietary treatment (control and high tryptophan). Community treatment began on the 45th day, three times a week until 6 months of age. At the age of three months, two fields were used as controls, and the other four were fed a high-tryptophan diet and fed ad libitum for seven days (1-7 days). At 6 months of age, the field diet was exchanged.
Weigh and take blood samples on the 1st (before feeding). Blood samples tryptophan and 5-HT concentrations were measured by high pressure liquid chromatography. The behavior was recorded from 1 to 5 days, and the time distribution of the pig's behavior and posture was determined by scanning sampling 12 hours a day (06:00-18:00 h). The aggression was assessed from 1 to 5 days, three times a day, 30 minutes each time (08:00, 12:00, and 16:00 h), recording the frequency of angry interactions, mouth bites, and overhead events. On the 6th and 7th, the attack behavior was measured by the Residence-Intrusion (RI) test, which was up to 300 seconds per day, including the attack harbing to attack the consequences.
The same age group used a diet treatment and community treatment 2x2 factor design, which was analyzed by repeated measurement of the mixed model and Tukey adjustments.
The researchers found that high-tryptophan diets increased blood tryptophan concentrations in the 3 and 6-month-old gilts by 180.7% and 85.2%, respectively, and reduced the behavioral intensity of the gilts in the growing season. Reduce standing time and increase lying time (lt; 0.05).
High-tryptophan diets reduce the number of angry interactions and aggressive behaviors of gilts in 3 months of age, and they wait longer to attack invading pigs and perform fewer attacks on the first day of the trial. (lt; 0.05).
Long-term good community management can improve the performance of the governor and have a slight impact on behavior (lt; 0.05).
Poletto and co-authors concluded that high-tryptophan diets can reduce the activity intensity of gilts in the growing season and reduce their aggressive behavior, which may be mediated by activation of the brain 5-HTergic nervous system. In the growing season when the sows are mixed, short-term increase in dietary tryptophan levels may have the effect of reducing aggressive behavior.
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