Winter Wheat Fertilizer Management Technology in North China Plain
1. Fertilizer management principles
(1) According to the application of the bottom (base) fertilizer, seedling condition and soil fertility status, the amount and time of topdressing are scientifically determined, and the seedlings are topdressed due to seedlings.
(2) According to soil moisture and water retention and fertilizer conservation capacity, the amount and time of irrigation should be reasonably determined, and water and fertilizer management should be combined.
(3) Grasp the favorable opportunity of soil thawing in early spring and wheat to green jointing, timely adopting measures to promote the control of weak seedlings, increase the rate of ear formation, and control the long field to prevent the late fall.
2. Fertilizer management guidance
(1) Before returning to green, the total number of stems per acre is less than 450,000, and the three types of wheat fields with lighter leaf color and poor growth should be managed in time for fertilizer and water. Spring topdressing can be carried out twice. For the first time in the greening period, 5~8 kg of urea was applied per acre with watering; the second time in the jointing stage, 5~10 kg of urea was applied per acre with watering.
(2) Before returning to green, the total number of stems per acre is between 45,000 and 600,000, and the second group of wheat fields with a small population is 10 to 15 kilograms of urea per acre combined with watering in the wheat body. Wheat fields with weak wheat seedlings and insufficient population can be topdressed and watered in the early stage from the beginning to the beginning of the body. The suitable wheat field should be topdressed and watered in the late stage.
(3) Before the greening, the total number of stems per acre is between 60,000 and 800,000, and the suitable group of wheat fields can be combined with watering for 12 to 15 kilograms per acre.
(4) Before returning to green, the total number of stems per acre is more than 800,000, the color of leaves is dark green, and there is a tendency to grow. The cultivating should be carried out in the greening period to reduce the application of nitrogen fertilizer, control the group length, prevent lodging and gluttony. Generally, 8~10 kg of urea can be applied per acre in the late stage of jointing.
(5) Dryland wheat fields without watering conditions should be combined with refining and raking to improve the drought resistance of wheat. In the early spring, the soil is returned to the pulp or rain, and 5~7 kg of urea is applied per acre with fertilizer or ditch. In the middle and late growth period, 5-8 kg of urea can be applied per mu.
(6) It is necessary to apply the diammonium phosphate to the base fertilizer without applying phosphate fertilizer or phosphorus deficiency field. If there is no irrigation condition or no effective precipitation, the spraying of urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate in the spring can be used to fertilize the water. effect.
(7) Conditional areas can spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate, boron fertilizer and zinc fertilizer on the foliar surface of wheat during flowering and filling, prevent dry hot air and lodging, increase grouting intensity and increase grain weight.
(8) In areas with sulfur deficiency, calcium phosphate, potassium sulfate, sulfur-based compound fertilizer should be preferred in the application of base fertilizer, or in the first top dressing, ammonium sulfate should be selected for the top dressing, and about 2 kg of elemental sulfur should be applied per mu. .
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