Welding nanowires can use only one beam of light
According to the American Daily Science website on February 7 (Beijing time), American scientists have designed a new nanowire welding technology that can use surface plasmon photonics to weld nanowires together with a simple beam of light. The latest research published in the recently published "Journal of Natural Materials" is expected to promote the emergence of new electronic devices and solar energy equipment.
At present, some nanospecialists are focusing on manufacturing conductive grids composed of metal nanowires. Such grids have excellent transmission performance, are inexpensive, and are very easy to handle. They can be widely used in next generation touch screens, video displays, and light emitting diodes. And thin film solar cells and other fields.
However, in the process of manufacturing such a grid, it is necessary to apply heat or pressure to the delicate grid in order to weld the cross-shaped nanowires forming the grid together, which in turn destroys the grid.
The latest nanowire welding technology solves the above problems. The heart of the new technology is the physical properties of surface plasmon photonics—light flows through the surface of the metal in the form of waves and interacts with the metal. Surface plasmon photonics enables surface plasmon-based elements and circuits to be nanometer-scale, so that photons and electronic components can be perfectly coupled on the nanometer scale. The scientists used electron microscopes to photograph the light before and after the nanowires. The image comparison showed that before light irradiation, individual nanowires were stacked one on top of the other; after light irradiation, the top nanowire was like an antenna, guiding the light. The plasmon waves enter the bottom wire and create heat to weld the nanowires together.
Mark Bulgungsam, an expert in surface plasmon photonics at Stanford University's School of Materials Science and Engineering, who is one of the authors of the study, said: "When two nanowires are crossed together, where the nanowires meet, The light generates plasmon waves and creates a hot spot. However, hot spots exist only when the nanowires are in contact with each other, and when the nanowires are welded together, the hot spots disappear. Welding prevents the hot spots themselves and the entire system It is intact and has not been destroyed,†added Michael McGill, another university material engineer, the other author of the study. “In the process, the other parts of the wire and the equally important basic materials are not affected. Heating significantly increases the control, speed and energy efficiency of our welding of nanomaterials."
The scientists said that in addition to allowing them to make nanowire meshes that are harder and more powerful, the new methods are also expected to allow them to fabricate mesh electrodes attached to flexible or transparent plastics and polymers. A cheap window coating that produces solar energy appears.
Editor's Editor
Processing at the nanometer scale is a nuisance because it is difficult to find tools that are small enough and the processing experience at the ordinary scale is also ineffective. If you want to mass-produce nano devices on a large scale, the patience of “micro carving†or “embroidery†is not enough. There must be clever craftsmanship. The welding technique proposed by American scientists is very clever - the light flows through the grid, and the junction naturally generates heat and welds. This is both a physical discovery and a technological invention. It can be seen that in the frontier field of nanoscience, there is no clear distinction between applied research and basic research. (Reporter Liu Xia)
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