Water chest planting technology
Water chestnut, also known as water chestnut and rhubarb, is the fruit of the annual herbaceous aquatic plant. The water chestnut skin is crispy and delicious. It is eaten after cooking and is also porridge. Water chestnut is rich in protein, unsaturated fatty acids and a variety of vitamins and trace elements. Sweet, flat, non-toxic. It has the effect of diuretic through milk, quenching thirst and hangover.
Water chest planting technology
High-yield cultivation techniques According to the practice of planting water chestnuts in recent years, in order to obtain high yield, the following technical measures must be seized for reference.
(1) Choose the right variety
Choosing an excellent variety is the basis for high yield, and it is also the key to fighting the season, occupying the market early, and improving economic efficiency. For example, the raw food is mainly used, and the early and middle-aged varieties (two-angled) with large size of the water chestnut can be put into the market in stages. High-yield is the main product, and the Wuling variety with late maturity can be planted. At the same time, due to the easy degradation of the water chestnut species, it is necessary to pay attention to the selection of the diamond-shaped seedlings with full rhombic shape, high degree of solidity, full hardening of the peel, and no pests and diseases.
(2) timely planting, rational close planting
The suitable time for local stocking of the water chestnut is generally carried out before and after the Qingming, when the water temperature is stable above 12 °C, the method can be divided into two types: live broadcast and seedling transplanting. The live broadcast is suitable for river ponds with a water depth of 2-3 m and a fertile bottom soil. When the water chestnut germ grows 1 to 2 cm, the diamond seeds are evenly scattered in the water. Before the sowing, pay attention to clear the water grass, moss and wild stalks in the river pond. The amount of seed used in mu is generally 10kg. The river pond with poor fertility can increase the amount of seed used appropriately. For river ponds with large water surface and deep water, seedling transplanting methods can be adopted. Choose the river pond with fertile bottom and shallow water, put the dry water on the surface soil before sowing, apply the farmyard manure as the base fertilizer; put the shallow water after the planting, and gradually deepen the water layer with the increase of the seedling age, the amount of the mu used is about 60kg. , can transplant 5-6 acres of water surface. The seedling age is about 60 days, there are 10 parietal lobe, the diamond disc is 15cm, and there are 2~3 branches when stocking. When stocking, 10 strains of straw rope are tied into a bundle and gradually inserted into the bottom. If the water density is too high after the water horn grows out of the water surface, it can be used to artificially spread the seedlings to prevent the diamond head from sealing the water surface and opening the disk, which affects the yield.
(3) Strengthening management of Lingtang
1 Apply enough base fertilizer. As a watery vegetable, the water chestnut is different from the dry crop, and the fertilizer needs to be concentrated. Before the planting, the pig manure or the decomposed mud manure 2000kg can be applied. When the water chestnut is germinated, 5kg urea can be applied as quick-acting fertilizer. After flowering, it can be combined with 2 or 3 times to prevent disease and control the insect with strong stimulation of 2~3 packets or 2%. Potassium dihydrogen phosphate is applied by foliar application to prevent premature aging. 2 pest control and weeding. The common pests of the water chestnut are aphids, spider mites and the like. In the early stage of the hazard, 90% crystal trichlorfon 800 times liquid or enemy kill 5-6 water 50kg for small machine spray, spray once every 10 days, strictly prohibit the use of highly toxic pesticides such as methamidophos to reduce Residual poison, prevent the water chest deformity or empty shell. The common disease of the water chestnut is mainly rhizomes, which cause the leaves to rot. In the early stage of the disease, 5% Jinggangmycin 400g and 200g carbendazim 50kg small machine spray can be used. Master the disease prevention and treatment of insects 3 to 4 times. In the ponds where the water chestnuts are stocked, there are many kinds of aquatic weeds, such as deep-water fish lotus grass, shallow water fine green grass, sapling grass, valerian grass, moss grass, etc., which must be manually removed in time, otherwise it will affect the photosynthesis of water chestnut. Generally, after the water chestnut is placed, the weeds are cleared every 10 days until the water chest is sealed.
(4) Picking in time
The principle of harvesting must be market-oriented and focus on improving economic efficiency. It should be harvested in stages due to maturity and different uses. The water chestnut begins to mature 20-30 days after flowering. The maturing period of local early maturing varieties is from August 15 to 20, and the late maturing varieties are in late September and early October. If it is made into vegetables or eaten raw, it can be harvested when the bracts fall off and the peel is not fully hardened. If cooked, processed or kept, it must be harvested when it is fully ripe. Early-maturing varieties are picked once every 5 days, late-maturing varieties are picked once every 7 days, and the whole harvesting period is 6 to 7 times. When harvesting, pay attention to picking up the diamond plate, picking the water chestnut, and leveling it after mining to avoid damage. If you want to keep the seedlings, you should clean them in the water in time, remove the floating angles, and replace the water every 10-15 days to ensure the germination rate of the next year.
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