The role of probiotics in feed additives in different livestock and poultry
Probiotics (microecological preparations) are active preparations, cultures or fermentation products derived from symbiotic microorganisms of animal organisms. It can improve the balance of digestive flora, rapidly improve the body's disease resistance, metabolic capacity and the ability of the feed to absorb and use, so as to prevent and cure digestive diseases and promote growth. It has the characteristics of no toxic and side effects, no pollution, no residue, no resistance, and low cost. Currently, probiotics marketed mainly include Lactobacillus preparations, Bacillus subtilis preparations, Bifidobacterium preparations, Streptococcus preparations, and Aspergillus preparations.
1 The main research content of probiotics
1 Research and development of probiotics and its synergistic technology, including high-efficiency microbial strain breeding, different bacterial compatibility techniques, probiotics synergistic, quick-acting technology and probiotic preparation technology; 2 advantages of enzyme preparation, immunopotentiator and antibiotics High-yield strain fermentation process, probiotics and post-treatment technology of fermentation products; 3 development of probiotics sub-products for different animal growth stages, different feed formulations, different culture environments; 4 molecular mechanism of probiotics.
2 Application of probiotics
In young livestock and poultry, the development of various systems of the body has not been perfected, especially the system of intestinal bacteria balance is to be perfected, and it is easy to be affected by external factors. The effect of probiotics on disease prevention and growth promotion is obvious; Adult animals are mainly characterized by improved feed compensation and productivity, and improved meat quality.
Broilers: Zhang Leying et al (2006), Pan Mushui et al (2005), Huang Yi et al (2006) and Li Ju et al (2007) found that the addition of probiotics can significantly promote the maturation of immune organs in broilers and significantly enhance the humoral immune function of broilers. It has obvious growth-promoting effect and can significantly improve feed utilization, significantly increase the breast muscle rate of broilers (P<0.05), and significantly improve the a* and b* values ​​of muscle color (P<0.05). It significantly increased the color of the chicken feet (P<0.01), and significantly increased the essential amino acids and flavor amino acids in the pectoral muscle.
Laying hens: Du Renrang et al (2006) found that the probiotics test group had significantly higher egg production rate than the control group, the difference in egg production was extremely significant, the egg weight difference was extremely significant, and the break egg rate was extremely significant.
Piglets: Liang Mingzhen (2002), Cheng Maoji et al (2005), Yang Haiying (2007), Wang Jicheng et al (2006) and Li Zhaoyong et al (2008) demonstrated that probiotics are used for weight gain and dry matter when used in weaned piglets. The increase of crude fiber digestibility has a good promoting effect, significantly reducing the diarrhea index of piglets (P<0.05), significantly increasing serum IgG content (P<0.05), significantly improving feed conversion efficiency of piglets and The activity of trypsin, pepsin, lipase and amylase in duodenum and jejunum of piglets (P<0.05).
Yak: Found in France, Canada, and Spain, feeding probiotics immediately after birth can reduce mortality, increase daily gain and feed conversion, and increase calf daily gain. Probiotics developed in China are less used for ruminants. Fattening: Huang Qingsheng et al (2005) found that the research progress of acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid and total volatile fatty acid in the rumen fluid of YC-2 treatment group was higher than that of the control group, YC-1 and YC-3 treatment. The proportion of acetic acid propionate in the group was significantly reduced; and the relative proportion of S. aureus was significantly increased.
Dairy cows: Zhu Qubo (2005) and Zhang Yang et al (2005) probiotics have a certain effect on reducing somatic cells in milk, so it may be used for the prevention and treatment of cows with hidden mastitis, which can increase the average daily milk yield of lactating cows and increase Economic benefits.
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