Seven foliar spray techniques
First, you must be symptomatic. In order to promote early development or increase 1000-grain weight in the later stage, nitrogen fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer can be sprayed; in order to increase leaf area and promote vegetative growth, nitrogen fertilizer and potassium fertilizer can be selected; for controlling physiological diseases caused by lack of trace elements, micro-fertilizer can be sprayed.
Second, we must choose the type of fertilizer. The fertilizers used for foliar application are urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium nitrate, potassium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, and leachate of superphosphate and grass ash, ammonium metaphosphate and most trace element fertilizers.
Third, the concentration should be appropriate. If the concentration is too high, it will cause fat damage and cause unnecessary loss; if the concentration is too low, it will not receive the desired effect. The suitable concentration of commonly used foliar spray is: urea 0.5% to 2%, superphosphate calcium leaching solution 2% to 3%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.3% to 0.5%, potassium sulfate 1% to 1.5%, and ash leaching solution 5%. 9%, ferrous sulfate 0.2% to 10%, boric acid 0.02% to 0.1%, borax, 0.05% to 0.2%, manganese sulfate 0.0% to 1.0%, zinc sulfate 0.01% to 0.05%, ammonium molybdate 0.02% to 0.05 %. It should be noted that different crops have different concentration requirements for different fertilizers. Taking urea as an example, the suitable spraying concentration on grass crops such as rice is 1.5% to 2%, and the suitable concentration on sweet potato, potato and peanut is 0.4% to 0.8%.
Fourth, extend the leaf surface moist time. The amount of nutrients absorbed by the leaves during leaf fertilization is related to the length of time the solution is wetted. The longer the wetting time, the more nutrients are absorbed by the leaves, and the better the effect. Under normal circumstances, keep the blade wet time in 30~60 minutes to get better fertilizer efficiency. Therefore, the most favorable time for foliar fertilization is in the evening without wind, and it is not suitable for foliar fertilization on rainy days, rainy days or mornings with dew; if it is rained within 3 hours after fertilization on the foliar surface, it should be applied after sunny days. Once, but the concentration should be reduced appropriately.
5. The number of sprays is reasonable. The concentration of fertilized crops is generally low, and the amount of absorption per time is also small. Therefore, the number of foliar application should generally not be less than two. Nitrogen and potassium fertilizers have strong mobility in crops, so they can be sprayed once in the critical period of crop growth; the mobility of phosphate fertilizers is inferior to nitrogen and potassium fertilizers, and must be sprayed 1 or 2 times according to the growth of crops; Zinc, molybdenum, manganese, copper fertilizer and non-moving boron, calcium and other micro-fertilizers that are only partially moved in the crop body should be sprayed continuously for 2 to 3 times.
Sixth, choose the best spray site. The green stems and leaves of crops are reasonable parts of spray fertilizer, especially the green functional leaves that grow young and grow vigorously, and the fertilizer effect is the best. It is worth noting that when spraying the dicotyledonous crops, it should be sprayed evenly on the front and back of the leaves, while the monocotyledonous crops only need to spray the fertilizer from the top to the bottom of the leaves.
Seven, mixed use should be appropriate. Reasonable mixing of two or more foliar fertilizers can save spraying time and labor, and the yield increase effect will be more significant. However, after the foliar fertilizer is mixed, there must be no adverse reactions or no reduction in fertilizer efficiency. Otherwise, it will not be able to achieve the purpose of mixing, and it is easy to produce fertilizer.
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