Function and durability of inorganic water-based cement sealing and waterproofing agent
1Introduction HM1500 inorganic water-based cement sealing waterproofing agent (hereinafter referred to as HM1500 waterproofing agent) is a new type of inorganic water-based building waterproofing material developed according to the rigid waterproof engineering requirements of buildings and combined with the actual situation of China's resources. It has high permeability and is directly sprayed on the surface of cement mortar and concrete structures. It can quickly penetrate into the interior and react with alkali substances in the cement mixture to form a gel that is insoluble in water, thereby blocking internal pores and closing the capillary. The hole channel increases the compactness, forms a reliable permanent waterproof layer, and can improve the mechanical strength of the cement structure, so that it has the functions of mildew proof, wind erosion resistance and acid and alkali corrosion resistance. The performance is equivalent to the American Huaqing Company Moxie 1500 waterproofing agent product. According to the data, Moxie 1500 waterproofing agent products are widely used in the concrete engineering of airport runways, highways, bridges, water pipes, etc. in the United States, Japan, and Southeast Asian countries. , sealing, anti-corrosion, anti-wind erosion, the effect is remarkable.
HM1500 waterproofing agent, in 1991, through the scientific and technological achievements of Zhejiang Province, to reduce the qualification level or revoke the qualification certificate, for registered practitioners, you can order to stop practicing for 1 year.
Article 18 If the construction is not carried out in accordance with the energy-saving design, it shall be ordered to make corrections; the construction cost incurred by the rectification shall be the responsibility of the construction unit; the warning may be given, and if the circumstances are serious, the construction contract shall be subject to a fine of 2% or more and 4% or less; If the accumulated 3 projects are not constructed in accordance with the design requirements of the energy-saving design standards, they shall be ordered to suspend business for rectification, reduce the qualification level or revoke the qualification certificate.
Article 19 If the construction administrative department finds that the energy conservation standard is not met during the completion and acceptance of the construction project, it shall order the construction unit to make corrections and reorganize the completion acceptance.
Article 20 The administrative penalties for order to suspend business for rectification, reduce the qualification level and revoke the qualification certificate shall be decided by the organ that issues the qualification certificate; other administrative penalties shall be decided by the construction administrative department in accordance with the statutory authority.
Article 21 The administrative department of construction of the people's government of a province, autonomous region or municipality directly under the Central Government may formulate implementation rules in accordance with these Provisions.
Article 22 The newly built or expanded residential buildings without centralized heating in severe cold and cold areas shall also be implemented in accordance with these Provisions.
Article 23 These Provisions shall be interpreted by the administrative department of construction under the State Council.
Article 24 These Provisions shall come into force on October 1, 2000.
Table 1 HM1500 catalyst and Moxie 1500 catalyst performance performance parameters HM1500 catalyst density (23 ± 1t effective content viscosity (3 ± 1 ° Qs) surface tension (mN / m) initial condensation 148 final condensation 203 initial condensation 137, final condensation 193 note (1) The pH values ​​of the two catalysts are all 7; (2) the appearance is light yellow transparent liquid without obvious pungent odor; (3) the storage stability is: 10 cycles pass, storage at room temperature for 12 months without quality (4) The catalytic properties are all: the cement slurry hardens well, and more hydrated crystals are found.
2.2 Waterproofing product performance The main performance of HM1500 waterproofing agent is in line with Q33G73. 1184 enterprise standard. In order to further understand the quality of the product, the Moxie 1500 waterproofing agent was tested. The results are shown in Table 2. Table 2 HM1500 Waterproofing Agent and Moxie 1500 Waterproofing Agent Performance Performance Parameter HM1500 Waterproofing Agent Viscosity (3 士 1ts) Density (23 士 1t) ) Surface tension (mN / m) gelation time (min) (23 ± 1tRH70 ± 10) initial condensation 148 final condensation 203 initial condensation 137, final condensation 193 Note: (1) the pH value of the two water-repellent agents are 14; (2) Appearances are colorless, transparent, odorless, non-flammable, non-toxic aqueous solutions; (3) Permeability: 24h penetration depth greater than 10 mm, 7d penetration depth greater than 30mm; (4) storage stability : 10 cycles pass, the temperature is unchanged at room temperature for 12 months.
From the test results in Table 2, the surface tension of HM1500 waterproofing agent is better than that of Moxic1500; the appearance, density, pH value, permeability, storage stability and other properties are the same; the gelation time is basically similar.
HM1500 waterproofing agent has been on the market since 1988 for more than 10 years. The long-term practical application also proves that the performance of this product has reached or exceeded the performance standard of Moxie1500 waterproofing agent.
3 Functional characteristics 3.1 Penetration function HM1500 water repellent has a strong penetrating function, mainly due to the introduction of high performance surfactants and penetrant components in the catalyst. After a long period of exploration, it has been proved that a variety of novel and high-efficiency composite coagents can be used to prepare water repellent products with low surface tension, excellent permeation performance and stable storage. 3.1.1 Base layer relationship The penetration of HM1500 water-repellent agent in cement mortar and concrete structures enters the interior along the pore passages and the micro-cracks. In order to further understand the relationship between the penetration function of the waterproofing agent and the compactness of the base layer of the structure, the impermeability comparison test was carried out on the blank reference sample coated with the HM1500 waterproofing agent and the uncoated waterproofing agent.
The impermeability test is carried out according to the GB 82-85 concrete impermeability test method. The anti-seepage test is carried out on the blank reference specimen without the waterproofing agent until the water seepage, the impermeability pressure is measured, and the sample surface is brushed after the mold is unloaded. HM1500 waterproofing agent 3 times, after 3 days of curing, re-molding for impermeability test, determining impermeability pressure, calculating the contrast percentage of impermeability pressure, the results are shown in Table 3. Table 3 HM1500 waterproofing agent anti-permeability performance comparison test piece number seepage pressure (MPa ) Anti-seepage water pressure increase blank reference sample brush HM 1500 water repellent sample from the comparison test results of Table 3 anti-permeability test, it can be seen that after applying HM1500 waterproofing agent, the impermeability pressure of concrete sample is obviously improved, and the increase range The benchmark specimen is related to impermeability. No.1~4 The reference test piece with low anti-seepage pressure (below MPa) can increase the contrast value by 71%. 6 The reference test piece with impermeability pressure above 1MPa can increase the impermeability pressure to 1.3~1.6MPa, but The increase in the value is only 2330%. This shows that the use of HM1500 waterproofing agent is more effective when the compactness of the base layer of the structure is poor.
3.1.2 Construction impact During the infiltration process of HM1500 water-repellent agent, the active component is infiltrated into the structure due to low surface tension under the action of carrier and water. Therefore, the base surface should be fully wetted before construction and moisturizing and curing after construction. .
3. Sealing function HM1500 waterproofing agent penetrates into the cement mortar concrete structure from the surface layer, and then reacts with Ca(OH) generated during cement hydration to form silicate which is insoluble in water and has certain strength, and precipitates other alkali substances. Form a permanent sealing waterproof layer that is integrated with the structure.
3.2.1 Gel reaction Cement mortar and concrete structures are wetted by water, and the internal Ca) gradually precipitates. The amount of precipitation increases with the prolongation of the wetting time, which provides conditions for the gel reaction of the water repellent. During the gelation time condensation performance test, it was found that with the increase of Ca(OH)2 concentration, the gelation time of the water repellent was shortened correspondingly, which indicated that the control and control of Ca(OH)2 concentration improved. It is important to improve the sealing function. In the construction application, it has been used to extend the immersion time of the base surface and the crack of 0.15mm or less in the old concrete (mortar), and the saturated Ca(OH)2 solution was used as the pretreatment.
3.2.2 Effect of nascent silicate and precipitate 1500 water repellent on cement mineral composition in the hydration process of cement mixture. 425 ordinary Portland cement is used as standard grinding disc, and the grinding disc is placed in polarizing microscope. The cement lithofacies were observed and compared with cement stone grinds without water repellent. It was found that the test piece coated with HM1500 waterproofing agent was filled with a large amount of gel inside the cavity, and it was obvious that more calcium silicate needle crystals were formed, and the internal structure was dense, and the blank contrast test piece without water repellent was The interior presents more interconnected pores, and the calcium silicate crystals are less.
It can be seen that HM1500 waterproofing agent can accelerate the hardening of cement, produce gel, block the internal voids of cement stone, improve and improve the sealing, impermeability, waterproof coating of cement structure and cement stone schist facies without HM1500 (X is waterproof in HM1500 The agent penetrates into the structure to form new calcium silicate. At the same time, with the moisturizing and curing, the base will precipitate white precipitate. This means that the waterproofing agent penetrates deep into the base surface, the gelation reaction is perfect, and harmful potassium and sodium oxide have been Was precipitated.
3.3 Reinforcement function After the cement mortar and concrete structure are treated by HM1500 waterproofing agent, the gel and silicate new organisms can form a sealing layer to further improve the cement hydration and improve the strength. Therefore, the use of HM1500 waterproofing agent in the repair of old concrete structures has the reinforcing function. According to the data, the California military airport runway has been cracked and cracked due to freezing. It can only be reworked according to the normal treatment method, and then combined with Moxic1500 sealant. Other auxiliary measures are repaired to ensure safe use.
In 1988, a warehouse of the Navy Shanghai Base, 2000m2 cast-in-place reinforced concrete frame structure, two-storey warehouse, with three axes of concrete beams, the concrete strength only reached the design strength of 68%~73%, originally planned to be reworked. After research and development, it was decided to use HM1500 waterproofing agent to repair and repair. The specific construction method is to spray the water with the agricultural sprayer on the exposed beam surface to make it fully wet. After 30 minutes, spray the HM1500 waterproofing agent twice, and after 3 hours, use the water to moisturize and maintain the 48hu reinforcement treatment, please contact the Mechanics Laboratory of Tongji University. Perform ultrasonic nondestructive testing. The test results are shown in Table 4. Table 4 HM1500 water-repellent treatment before and after concrete strength comparison axis number ultrasonic testing concrete strength (MPa) concrete strength improvement After spraying, after HM1500 waterproofing agent repair, the concrete strength meets the design requirements, A satisfactory result. In mid-October 1999, the Huangyan Radio and Television Building, built by Wenling No. 2 Construction Company, found that the strength of the beam of cement concrete frame structure did not meet the design requirements. After being repaired by HM1500 waterproofing agent, the strength reached the requirement and passed smoothly. acceptance.
4 Durability of the durability of HM1500 water-repellent agent is a concern of everyone. The corrosion of harmful CO2 in the atmosphere and the surrounding environment is the main factor affecting durability. For this reason, wind erosion resistance, corrosion resistance test and part are carried out. Engineering case investigation.
4.1 Wind erosion resistance Carbonation resistance Wind erosion carbonization performance test is carried out in the laboratory. Firstly, 100 sets of 100mmX100mmX 100mm concrete test pieces are prepared. 95% CO2 is injected into the carbonization test chamber, and HM1500 waterproofing agent and blank reference concrete test piece are applied. Into the test chamber, sealed for 10d for accelerated carbonization test. However, the carbonization test results of the coated HM1500 test piece indicate that the maximum carbonization depth of the blank reference test piece is 3 cm, and the average value is 2 cm; the test piece coated with HM1500 water-repellent agent has a maximum carbonization depth of 1.5 cm and an average value of 1 cm. There is a significant improvement in wind erosion carbonization performance.
Research on CPE waterproofing membrane lap joints Chen Denglong (Fujian Normal University New Technology Development Company, Fuzhou 350007, China), studied the use of CPE to copolymerize chloroprene to synthesize lap rubber, chlorinated polyethylene in raw materials. The chlorine content should be 63%, the dosage should be 8% to 10% of A90, and the amount of tackifying resin should be 40%~60% of the total amount of (A90+CPE).
In recent years, China's building waterproofing materials have got rid of the backward situation of single paper oxidized asphalt linoleum, and began to widely use various polymer waterproofing membranes. It is predicted that by 2000, the amount of polymer waterproofing membrane will be 32.67 million m2, accounting for 8% of all waterproof materials. Among them, the waterproof membrane with chlorinated polyethylene as the main body is a new type of polymer coil. This type of coil is mainly used for untreated cold construction during construction, and therefore requires good adhesion between the coils, the coils and the surface of the building. At present, the lap joint of the coil is mainly bonded with a solvent-type chloroprene adhesive. Since chlorinated polyethylene is a difficult-to-adhesive material, it is difficult to achieve the lap joint requirement between the coils by simply using the solvent-type chloroprene rubber. To solve this construction problem, this study copolymerizes the common solvent-type chloroprene rubber. Make it meet construction requirements.
2 Technical route selection - 95 requirements, the lap joint between CPE coils requires the following indicators: peel strength (68h) is 2.0kN / m; viscosity (rotary viscometer) is 0.8 ~ 1.8Pas (5C). To this end, we examined the following technical routes: 2.1 ordinary solvent-type neoprene according to the principle of solvent-based neoprene synthesis, we according to the formula: neoprene (A90) 100, antioxidant 4.2 anti-corrosion HM1500 Waterproofing agent has certain anti-corrosion properties. After using the HM1500 waterproofing agent as the outer cover agent, the plain concrete specimens and the untreated specimens were immersed in a strong acidic medium solution (pH value <1) for 6 months, and the physical and mechanical properties were taken out and tested. The flexural strength and compressive strength are obviously better than the untreated untreated specimens. The results are shown in Table 5. This is because the HM1500 waterproofing agent improves the compactness of the surface layer of the concrete (mortar) treated surface and closes the medium intrusion. The capillary channel; the second is the corrosion resistance of the alkali silicate material itself. However, from the viewpoint of anti-corrosion mechanism, experimental results and practicability, it is more suitable for the anti-corrosion of the gas phase anticorrosion of acidic gaseous medium and the acidic corrosive water action part of pH 4 or above (ie, under moderate corrosion of plain concrete).
Table 5 The strength of treated specimens is higher than that of untreated. The medium is flexurized and the pressure is increased. The 20,000 m2 wine fermentation tank of Anhui Yinzhou Gujing Distillery, which was constructed in 1991, is treated with HM1500 waterproofing agent for anti-corrosion and anti-seepage treatment. good.
At present, due to air pollution in China, the acid rain phenomenon is becoming more and more serious. The pH value of acid rain is as low as 4.0, which is close to the daily consumption of vinegar, which is very harmful to the corrosion of cement buildings, especially steel bars. Therefore, in the construction process of the Changhong Bridge in Xiangfan City, Hubei Province in 1995, HM1500 was sprayed on the piers and bridge decks to achieve the purpose of reinforcement, acid rain resistance and weathering resistance, and achieved good results.
5 Conclusion HM1500 waterproofing agent is a new waterproof material with unique performance, convenient construction, multi-functionality and durability. It has been widely used in various types of rigid waterproofing and concrete engineering with good effect, remarkable social and economic benefits.
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