Domestic PVD technology application and research status (3)
4.2 Technical problems
Despite the diversified development of domestic tool coating technology in recent years, and the ability to prepare TiAlN and multilayer films, it has not yet formed a truly internationally competitive industrial production process technology and equipment. The main problems are as follows:
1 Although the domestic TiN coating process industry has a good application base, it cannot meet the market requirements in the field of high-speed machining and cemented carbide tool coating. Compared with foreign TiAlN coatings, the life of coated tools differs by 100%~ 200%;
2 The domestic TiAlN coating technology is not mature in terms of composition, film structure, compactness, bonding strength and uniformity. In conventional cutting, the performance exhibited does not show its superiority compared with TiN;
3 In the modern advanced cutting manufacturing, the requirements of precision forming are getting higher and higher. It is the basis and foundation for the development of high-level tool coating technology by obtaining the thin film structure and smooth surface morphology through reasonable film preparation technology. Different from the 1990s, the basic research work of thin film preparation technology has been diluted in China.
4 Although many domestic universities are carrying out research work on a variety of super-hard film materials, and have obtained valuable experimental data, such as nano-multilayer films containing silicon and boron, but for commercial applications, they meet market requirements. There are still large gaps, and the reasons can be summarized into several aspects: the current research focuses only on the exploration of the hard mechanism of superhard membranes, but lacks the basic research of preparation technology; due to conditions, the preparation of domestic superhard membranes is still Ordinary magnetron sputtering technology is the best choice for the preparation of super-hard films for complex profile cutting tools; the combination of film bonding strength and internal stress control technology closely related to commercial application technology The study is rarely asked.
4.3 Problems in the development and manufacture of coating equipment
Due to lack of financial support, domestic coating equipment has a large gap in design and development with foreign countries. Although there are some innovative ideas, most equipment manufacturers have continued the original design concept. The structure of the equipment is similar to that of the 1990s. Because of the lack of in-depth study of the film preparation mechanism, there is blindness in the design of the equipment.
4.4 Poor overall companion, lack of applied basic research
Poor overall matching and lack of applied basic research have always been the bottleneck that has plagued the development of domestic tool coating technology. At present, the trend of tool coating is to develop coating processing center, so the integrity of technology is extremely important. Pretreatment technology, coating technology, post-processing technology and quality control technology should all be considered. Most of the domestic coating equipment manufacturers only provide coating mainframes, which hinders the rapid advancement of industrial production; on the other hand, it also causes serious disconnection between equipment manufacturers and the market, which restricts the benign development of technology, making Innovation cannot be discussed.
5 Conclusion
The development of domestic tool coating technology should focus on the following two points:
(1) Strengthen the planning and management of the project
National government departments need to strengthen the planning and management of tool coating projects, clarify short, medium and long-term development goals, adhere to the principle of combining digestion and absorption with independent innovation, and establish tool coatings in combination with China's “Eleventh Five-Year†development plan. The overall development of the idea, support in terms of policy and funding.
(2) Establish new research and development thinking
The tool coating technology integrates materials, preparation methods, vacuum technology and cutting technology into one, which is both comprehensive and cutting-edge. To achieve sound development, it is necessary to establish a reasonable and overall research and development idea. From the development of tool coating technology in China for decades, the disconnection of various research links is the crux of restricting its development. The development ideas should follow: market → film performance research → preparation method research → laboratory device development → application basic research → industrial production equipment design and manufacturing → application process technology research → market assessment, and form a cycle.
Although the current domestic tool coating technology has a large gap compared with the international advanced level, the ordinary TiAlN coating technology is still immature, but the huge application market and the country's increasingly urgent requirements for innovation and green manufacturing technology have already promoted. Innovative development of domestic tool coating technology. It is said that researchers in China have developed ultra-hard film preparation technology with great application value, and preliminary process tests show that the performance of coated high-speed steel and cemented carbide tools has reached the international advanced level. I believe that soon In the country, there will be innovative and advanced commercial application tool coating technology and equipment, and can compete with international advanced tool coating technology.
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