Chinese scientists successfully prepared a series of high-performance "metal glass"
Xinhuanet Beijing, August 7 (Reporter Li Bin) After years of research, Chinese scientists have made a series of significant advances in the preparation and mechanism research of metallic glass in recent years, and successfully prepared amorphous materials for stretching devices such as satellite solar cells. alloy.
Amorphous alloy, also known as metallic glass, exhibits ultra-high specific strength, large elastic deformation ability, low thermal expansion coefficient and other specific energy due to its special atomic arrangement structure. It has been valued by scientists all over the world and has become the most active material science today. One of the research fields has given birth to the third material industry revolution after steel and plastics. Since the end of the 1980s, the United States, Japan, and the European Union have increased their support for this field and established major research projects.
Since 2007, with the support of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China and the National Natural Science Foundation of China, scientists from the Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, the Institute of Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Institute of Metals, Beijing University of Science and Technology, and Tsinghua University have formed the national “973†plan. The research team of “Study on Some Key Basic Problems of High-Performance Light Amorphous Alloys†has initiated research and development in the field of high-performance amorphous alloys.
Zhang Tao, a 47-year-old professor at Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics and the chief scientist of the “973†project, is one of the founders of massive non-metallic alloys. In the late 1980s and early 1990s, he explored the discovery of bulk amorphous alloys such as rare earth and zirconium in his study abroad in Japan, which became the beginning of research on bulk amorphous alloys and received attention from the international material community. He also made alloys such as iron, nickel and copper into high-strength metallic glass.
"Compared with the corresponding crystalline alloys, amorphous alloys have the characteristics of high strength, low melting point, good fluidity, etc., and can be formed almost like plastics, enabling the precise preparation of complex shapes in short processes," said Zhang Tao.
In 2003, Zhang Tao returned to the motherland and established an amorphous alloy laboratory in Beihang. In recent years, his team has further discovered a variety of new amorphous alloy systems, and has made progress in the formation mechanism of metallic glass, and successfully prepared light alloys such as aluminum, magnesium and titanium into metallic glass.
Large solar cell array stretching mechanisms, disk detectors and other components of space detectors are key components of satellites, requiring materials with high strength and high elasticity. Since China does not have such high performance materials, these components often rely on imports. Zhang Tao's team successfully produced amorphous alloy materials for the expansion of satellite solar arrays, creating possibilities for applications. In the laboratory, the reporter saw this type of disc-extruding rod for satellite solar cells made of titanium-based metallic glass. The 20-cm long spiral-shaped disc-extruding rod can be up to 2 meters long.
"This means that China's large-scale solar array will be inserted into the space of 'Chinese wings' made of metal glass in the future." Zhang Tao said happily.
Scientists also use metal glass powder for lubrication and other fields, and use its high hardness, high elasticity, low friction coefficient and other characteristics to improve the performance of lubricating oil.
"The research on metallic glass is still in its infancy, and there are still a lot of basic and application problems to be studied." Zhang Tao said that the research team will conduct more applied research in the field of aerospace and aviation while strengthening basic research.
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