Biological potassium fertilizer and its application technology
In the rural survey, some farmers know much about potassium sulphate, potassium chloride and other common potash when using potash, but when it comes to biological potash, it is ignorant, it is necessary to introduce this knowledge to farmers.
The use of silicate bacteria to decompose soil rock minerals, thereby releasing effective potassium for crop utilization, and from the 1980s, Chinese scientists successfully screened some excellent strains from these silicate bacteria, which were cultured and fermented by special techniques. Made of silicate fungicide, this is what we call biological potash.
After being certified by technology in April 1988, the biological potash fertilizer has been applied to more than 20 crops in more than 20 provinces and cities nationwide. After application, it can not only supplement the potassium, magnesium, phosphorus, silicon and other nutrients of crops, but also produce a variety of biologically active substances, promote crop growth and development, and enhance the ability of crops to resist cold and drought and resist pests and diseases. For example, in rice, corn, wheat, cotton, sweet potato, peanut, tobacco and other crops, the application of biological potassium fertilizer is 0.5 kg, and the yield of muping is more than 10%. At the same time, the fertilizer is also widely used in rapeseed, vegetables, grapes, apples and mandarins. The economic yield of economic crops such as orange and sugar cane is also very significant. The application of potassium fertilizer per acre is 1 kilogram, which is equivalent to the application of 15 kilograms of potassium chloride. The yield increase is above 15%.
The mechanism of action of biological potassium fertilizer is as follows: First, the contact between potassium bacteria and minerals produces a series of enzymes that destroy the mineral crystal structure and have a strong ability to activate the ash elements such as potassium, phosphorus, magnesium, iron and silicon in the soil, thereby releasing Raise nutrients. It has been observed that under static culture conditions, bio-potassium can release 12% of the available potassium from feldspar in 15 days. In 30 days, 51.7% of the effective potassium can be released from the biotite. Therefore, the biological potassium fertilizer has the reputation of “opening the soil potassium keyâ€. Second, after the potassium bacteria are in contact with the surface of the rock minerals, ion exchange is carried out to release the potassium, and the organic acid can be secreted, and the poorly soluble potassium and phosphorus are converted into water-soluble potassium and phosphorus. Potassium bacteria can also secrete physiological active substances that stimulate crop growth, enhance the drought resistance and cold resistance of crops, and have certain inhibitory effects on some plant diseases such as wheat rust and rapeseed sclerotium.
Bio-potassium is an aerobic fertilizer. The growth and development temperature is 25-30 ° C, which requires less nutrient conditions and can also play a role in poor soil. The biological potassium fertilizer can be used as the base fertilizer, seed dressing, rooting and top dressing, and the application effect of the base fertilizer is the best. When used as the base fertilizer, use 2-4 kg of biological potassium fertilizer per acre, mix 20-30 kg of soil mixed fertilizer, and apply it before plowing. If the bio-potassium fertilizer is stacked with organic fertilizer for a week, the application effect is better. Mix the biological potassium fertilizer with 3-5 times of water into the seeds during seed dressing, or spray the seeds and mix the fertilizer, and mix with the mixture. When used for rooting, first make the bio-potassium, soil and water into a paste, and then plant it immediately after rooting. When topdressing, use 3-5 kg ​​of fertilizer per acre, apply the hole and apply it to the root. The base fertilizer or top dressing should be applied shallowly, and the soil is covered after application, which is related to its aerobic characteristics.
Bio-potassium fertilizer is a kind of living bacterial fertilizer. During storage and application, it should be noted that it should not be exposed to sunlight. It should be used with the company. Pay special attention to the inability to contact with herbicides and fungicides such as copper sulfate and carbendazim. Or mixed, it can not be contacted or mixed with strong alkaline fertilizers such as grass ash, lime, etc. The field where the application of biological potassium fertilizer is still to be applied with organic fertilizer, reasonable irrigation and irrigation, and cultivating loose soil to create an environment suitable for the growth and reproduction of biological potassium fertilizer, so as to exert the fertilizer effect of biological potassium fertilizer.
(Li Cuiying)
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