Analysis of the global automobile manufacturing industry and China's situation

Affected by the European economic crisis, global auto companies have recently brewed a wave of cold weather in Europe to close factories and lay off employees. In contrast, China is not only the market focus of these auto companies, but will become their global manufacturing center in the next three or four years. This is an unusual test for the Chinese auto industry in the process of structural upgrading. Among the global winter car companies in Europe , the French PSA and the Italian Fiat first realized the early winter. In the first half of this year, PSA's global sales fell by 13%, and the total sales of passenger cars and trucks dropped from 1.86 million in the same period last year to 1.62 million. Among them, PSA's most heavily valued sales in traditional strong markets such as France, Spain and Italy fell by 15%. The continued decline in capacity utilization has caused PSA to shut down some plants. Fiat CEO Marjorie has made it clear that if Fiat's plan to export to the North American market fails, closing the factory is the only option. According to the plan, PSA will close the O'Neill Suva factory in France in 2014 and will lay off 8,000 people. There are media incomplete statistics, and nine auto groups have chosen to close factories and layoffs in Europe to survive. GM's brand Opel will close its Bochum plant in Germany in 2016, when 22,000 employees will be unemployed, while the Antwerp plant in Belgium will cut 2,606 employees and will also cut 2,400 management staff, including 500 senior managers. Not only that, Mitsubishi Motors sold the Nedcar plant in the Netherlands at a price of “1”, 1,500 workers were unemployed; the German truck brand from Germany also planned to cut 900 people; Volkswagen and Ford also planned to cut European employees. If the above plan becomes a reality, then by 2017, there will be 16 factories in Europe closed, involving about 43,400 people. According to foreign media reports, there are currently 7 million employees in the European automotive industry, and 1.5 million of them are temporary workers. These people are facing tremendous pressure from unemployment. The downturn in the European market, combined with the grim economic situation, is an important reason for the global auto companies to flee Europe. According to data from the European Automobile Manufacturers Association (ACEA), in July, sales of new cars in 17 countries in Western Europe and Northern Europe were 911,317 units, down 7.7% year-on-year; in the first seven months of this year, the cumulative sales in the region reached 7,39,038 units, down 7.2% year-on-year. . In July, among the top five auto markets in Europe, except for the UK, which maintained a 9.3% growth, countries such as Germany, France, Italy and Spain all experienced different degrees of decline. In the European market, in addition to Volkswagen, BMW can maintain weak growth, other car companies such as PSA, Fiat, Renault sales in the first half of this year fell more than 15%. Some analysts said that the current idle capacity of European car companies has reached 30%, overcapacity and sales slump is "killing the European automotive industry." China Chengcheng's factory can find out from the financial reports of various auto companies that the early opening of auto companies outside the European market has not been greatly affected. Therefore, some foreign auto analysts have concluded that they are too dependent on the European auto market. The weakening of other markets is the biggest crux of companies such as PSA, Fiat, Renault and Opel. These auto companies have been too focused on the stability of the European market share, while neglecting. Development of markets outside Europe. In contrast, a few years ago, the focus of development on the German Volkswagen in emerging markets such as China and India, a good financial report in the first half of this year - operating profit of 6.5 billion euros (about 7.88 billion US dollars) ), an increase of 7% year-on-year; sales of 95.4 billion euros, an increase of 23%. In the first half of the year, Volkswagen's market share increased from 22.6% last year to 23.9%, reaching a record high. More and more auto companies want to seize the lifeline of the Chinese market. Therefore, under the help of the local government in China, automobile factory construction projects have sprung up. According to the survey, China's major 30 auto companies (groups) formed a total vehicle production capacity of 13.59 million units at the end of 2009, and planned production capacity of 31.24 million units at the end of 2015. China is increasingly becoming a manufacturing plant for automotive products in the world. It is worth mentioning that a large part of the production capacity of more than 30 million vehicles is a simple foundry for foreign car companies. According to Jia Xinguang, an auto analyst, because China's automobile production is based on the statistics of the place of origin, including the output of foreign manufacturers in China, 70% of the 14.49 million passenger cars are produced by foreign-funded enterprises, and only 4.35 million are produced. Production by domestic enterprises." In other words, the speed of manufacturing capacity of China's auto industry is not obvious. On the contrary, a large number of new factories under construction are designed to meet the production needs of foreign automakers. The Chinese government has realized the crisis facing China's manufacturing industry. In the State Council's "Industrial Transformation and Upgrading Plan (2011-2015)", the company's independent innovation as a key task of industrial transformation and upgrading, put forward: "Insist on strengthening independent innovation and As a key link in the transformation and upgrading, technological progress strives to break through the key core technologies that restrict the optimization and upgrading of the industry, improve the core competitiveness of the industry, improve the industrial chain, and promote the rise from the low end of the value chain to the high end. However, in the automotive industry, the core is upgraded. Competitiveness is not achieved by the introduction of a certain policy. Wang Xiaoguang, a researcher at the Decision-making Advisory Department of the National School of Administration, said in an interview with this reporter that the Chinese auto industry must change from dependent growth to autonomous growth as soon as possible, avoiding dependence and becoming dependent. The time to cultivate the ability to develop independently is very urgent, only 10 to 15 years."

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