2020 high-temperature superconducting cable is expected to form an industry
With the ever-increasing use of electricity in big cities, high-voltage overhead lines wanting to penetrate into urban load centers are constrained by many factors. Therefore, it is necessary to use underground cables to transport electric power to urban load centers. In this case, the advantages of using high-temperature superconducting transmission cables are highlighted. High-temperature superconducting cable uses liquid nitrogen as a cooling medium, and its structure can also concentrate its magnetic field inside the cable, thus preventing environmental pollution. At the same time, liquid nitrogen-cooled high-temperature superconducting cables will not have the potential for oil spill pollution and fire.
According to foreign forecasts, 2020 high-temperature superconducting cables are expected to form an industry. At present, large companies in industrialized countries such as the United States, Italy, Japan, South Korea, France, and Denmark are actively engaged in research and development. Someone has calculated that the global market for superconducting applications will reach 244 billion U.S. dollars in 2020, and high-temperature superconducting cables will account for about 5% of the total.
Since the liquid nitrogen cooling can make the high-temperature superconducting material into the superconducting state, its price is close to the extent that it can compete with ordinary cables, prompting the high-temperature superconducting cable to accelerate the practical progress.
It is assumed that the annual demand for cross-linked polyethylene insulated power cables of 10 KV and above in China is about 100,000 km, and 5% of the total amount is replaced by high-temperature superconducting cables. The total annual demand for HTS cables in China It will reach 5,000 kilometers.
High-temperature superconducting cables have many advantages over ordinary cables. The transmission loss of high-temperature superconducting cables is only 0.5% of the transmission power, which is much lower than the loss of 5% to 8% of conventional cables. With the same weight and size, compared with conventional power cables, the capacity of high-temperature superconducting cables can be increased by 3 to 5 times, the loss can be reduced by 60%, and the footprint and space can be significantly saved. "Using high-temperature superconducting cables to retrofit existing underground cable systems will not only increase the transmission capacity by more than 3 times, but also reduce the total cost by 20%. The use of high-temperature superconducting cables can also change traditional transmission methods, using low-voltage and high-current transmission. Electric energy," said a person in charge of the production of high-temperature superconducting cable companies.
China has made major breakthroughs in superconducting cable conductor technology. On August 16th, under the supervision of the officials of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) Program Headquarters, 765 meters of CB superconducting cable conductors went offline at Baiyin Nonferrous Metals. This conductor is the largest length of superconducting cable operated in the ITER device. The ITER device is a superconducting Tock mark that produces a large-scale nuclear fusion reaction and aims to establish a sustainable human clean energy system, commonly known as the "artificial sun." In January 2003, China formally participated in the negotiation of the ITER plan and became one of the cooperative members of the plan. According to the agreement, China will bear 70% of the production volume of tube-mounted cable conductors.
Since the beginning of this year, the successful development of superconducting cable projects in various countries and the realization of grid-connected demonstration operations have come one after another. The "superconducting power transmission" that has been studied for more than 20 years has finally entered the practical stage, and it is expected that the commercial operation will start within 5 years.
In April, China's high-temperature superconducting DC transmission cable with a length of 360 meters and a current carrying capacity of 10 thousand amps was approved by expert technology organized by the Ministry of Science and Technology and was put into operation in Henan Province. This cable is currently the world's largest high-temperature superconducting cable, and it is also the world's first high-temperature superconducting DC cable that can achieve grid-connected demonstration operation.
In July, Fortis Group’s Tianjin Superconducting Technology Application Company’s high-temperature superconducting cable project was officially launched. The project will build the first domestic second-generation lanthanide high-temperature superconducting cable transmission demonstration line in Tianjin to accelerate the practical development of superconducting wire and superconducting cables.
In August, Nippon Rail Research conducted a superconducting transmission test, and the superconducting cable it developed supports DC transmission. At present, Iron Institute has completed the performance test of the 31-meter cable, and the next stage will perform the performance test of the 310-meter cable. Japan plans to gradually replace the aging metal cables with newly developed superconducting cables around 2020.
Some experts believe that challenges and opportunities coexist, China's wire and cable industry should firmly seize this opportunity, integration and reorganization, in-depth superconducting cable high-tech cable industry, to win the objective economic benefits, revitalize China's wire and cable industry, Exclude the malignant and disorderly competition and welcome the arrival of a truly brilliant future.
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