The Energy Saving Dilemma of Public Buildings during the Twelfth Five-Year
"Proposing higher energy-saving goals for buildings" has become the focus of China's "12th Five-Year Plan" energy-saving emission reduction plan. To meet this requirement, it is necessary to broaden the energy conservation and emission reduction channels of public buildings, and to reduce the energy consumption of public buildings to a greater extent.
In view of the current status of the slow development of energy conservation in public buildings in China, Wang Qiang, an expert from China International Engineering Consulting Company, said in an interview with the media that in addition to continuing to promote energy conservation measures such as wall insulation and power saving that are based on the characteristics of public buildings, comprehensive utilization Renewable energy should also be an important area for energy conservation in public buildings. What's more important is that measures for energy conservation in public buildings should be strengthened and refined according to actual conditions, so that the effectiveness of policies can be brought into play.
Projects such as public buildings that are subsidized by the government in the state budget should be forced to use new wall materials.
Wang Qian told me the experience of consulting for many years. At present, 70% of building materials in China are wall materials. For a long time, the annual production of solid clay bricks in China consumes more than 1 billion cubic meters of clay resources, equivalent to 500,000 acres of destroyed fields and consumes more than 70 million tons of standard coal.
At present, in the public buildings in the first-tier cities, new types of wall and building materials are gradually replacing solid clay bricks. In second- and third-tier cities and new public buildings in towns and towns, solid clay bricks still occupy a certain status, even dominant position. According to the State Council's "Circular on Further Promoting the Innovation of Wall Materials and Promotion of Energy-saving Buildings" in June 2005, all cities must prohibit the use of solid clay bricks at the end of 2010, and the annual production of solid clay bricks in the country should be controlled below 400 billion pieces. Therefore, starting from this year, it is imperative that the competent authorities at all levels increase the promotion of new wall materials and strict restrictions on the production of solid clay bricks.
In this regard, Wang Qian proposes to impose new wall materials and eliminate solid clay bricks for projects that are within the national budget or for financially subsidized public buildings, and use this as the main indicator of completion acceptance (check hidden works); The public construction projects that have undergone major energy-saving technology development and meet the requirements for safe use, and the reasonable increase in the cost of national and local governments should provide financial support; the use of solid clay bricks in violation of regulations and building materials costs can not achieve energy-saving goals, the state budget funds Or local government funds will not “pay for ordersâ€; for new wall materials to promote local materials, in order to eliminate the use of solid clay bricks, the need for industry self-regulation, law-abiding businesses, the implementation of control measures not only rules to follow, but also to monitor personnel When it is in place, it stops production and rectification when it finds a problem.
The significance of saving electricity in public buildings is extremely important and needs to be strictly controlled.
For public buildings, saving electricity is particularly significant. In the field of public buildings, lighting and air-conditioning systems “eat†most of the major architectural forms such as shopping malls and office buildings.
Wang Qian believes that administrative departments and industry associations must further focus on the production and use of various types of electrical appliances. Manufacturers must expressly provide for the listing of commodity lists from time to time to eliminate high energy-consumption backward products and promote scientific and technological progress. Such as: for public buildings in the air-conditioning system of this large consumer of electricity, should study and solve the recovery of heat or cold energy devices, or use of frequency conversion technology, for restaurants, shopping malls, theaters and other public buildings, to solve the winter indoor temperature is too high, summer indoor temperature Too low problem. It is understood that the operating costs of public buildings in winter and summer are more than five times that of ordinary households. In elevators, moving walkways and other facilities, it is necessary to optimize the product energy saving scheme according to the use situation; the number of lamps in the lighting system is the largest, and the energy-saving lamp technology is more mature and can be forcibly popularized.
Therefore, during the construction and use of public buildings, the potential for energy saving and low carbon consumption of various electrical appliances is still large. Various electrical appliances in different public buildings need to be expedited to explore and introduce energy consumption indicators in order to limit the power energy.
Widening the energy-consumption path of buildings as soon as possible requires the public buildings to use a large proportion of renewable energy and other low-cost energy sources.
Qiu Baoxing, deputy director of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, pointed out at the 6th International Conference on Green Building and Building Energy Conservation and New Technology and Product Exposition that the application of renewable energy in buildings is one of the six areas with the greatest potential for building energy conservation in China. As the United States Green Building Committee ** Federitz said, China is the world’s largest country in renewable energy applications.
Wang Qian also believes that the government should push public buildings ahead of the construction industry, and regulate as soon as possible that public buildings must use a large proportion of renewable energy and other low-cost energy sources, especially to develop and use solar energy, and to apply geothermal systems. In order to help non-artificial energy lighting power sources and municipal heat sources, we have actually reduced CO2 emissions.
According to the data provided by the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the Ministry of Building Energy Conservation and Technology, in 2009 China supported a total of 111 demonstration projects of solar photovoltaic building applications with a total installed capacity of 91 MW. Organized the implementation of the "urban demonstration of renewable energy building applications" and "demonstration of renewable energy building applications in rural areas" and determined the demonstration of the first batch of 21 model cities and 38 rural areas at the county level to promote the application of renewable energy building construction methods. From grasping individual projects, we have shifted to grasping the entire region and making overall plans for urban and rural areas.
As of the end of 2009, the country's solar thermal application area was 1.179 billion square meters, and shallow geothermal energy application area was 139 million square meters, which was 14.2% and 35.4% higher than 2008 respectively. The installed capacity of photovoltaic building applications was 420.9 MW, achieving a breakthrough growth. According to the statistical results of 39 currently tested demonstration projects for renewable energy building applications, the demonstration project performed well and the effect was significant. The project qualification rate was over 97%. According to statistics, the application of solar thermal energy to achieve a unit annual area of ​​conventional energy alternatives 26.45 tons of standard coal, per unit area of ​​carbon dioxide emission reduction 65.34 tons / year; ground source heat pump applications to achieve a unit of area of ​​conventional energy replacement 75.73 tons standard.
Wang Qian also said, “In addition, I had undertaken a project manager to evaluate a special energy-saving office building. This is a cooperative project between the Chinese and U.S. governments. It is located in Beijing, and U.S. engineers use large computers to make use of specific geographical locations. The all-round energy-saving and low-carbon architectural design including the 365-day climate parameters, surrounding building distances, and engineering geological data is determined by the 'computer': the most reasonable architectural form of this project is not square, and is not round for 'ten'; The room has the most reasonable indoor temperature and humidity, which can be arranged one by one according to the use of the function. “They have conducted in-depth research into every aspect of a building and will not miss any opportunity. All have energy-saving measures and have achieved the ultimate application of modern technology. I think that China should also upgrade the application technology of high-end energy-saving technologies and shorten the use of advanced technologies. gap".