Silicon wafer breaks the limit of black body to produce more electric energy from heat than imagined

Energy saving is more important than ever. If we can create smaller, better, and more efficient technologies, then the wasted heat energy of electronic products can be used well. Now, Mathieu Francoeur, an associate professor of mechanical engineering at the University of Utah in the United States, has discovered a method that uses near-field radiant heat transfer devices to generate more electrical energy from heat than he imagined. He has discovered the nanoscale of the "black body limit" theory falling apart.

The black body limit (proposed by the German physicist Max Planck in 1900) is a theory describing the maximum energy that thermal radiation (heat) can produce, but when the object is very very close, the law is invalid, from an object The heat transfer to another object increases exponentially. In short, the closer the objects, the better the energy transfer, but the mechanical difficulty of keeping the two objects as close as possible without actually touching them is a major challenge.

A research team at the University of Utah used its near-field radiant heat transfer device to perform this challenge. Associate Professor Mathieu Francoeur and his team created a small chip (5 × 5 mm) consisting of two silicon wafers with a stable gap of 100 nm between the two silicon wafers and kept in a vacuum. The research team then heated one wafer while cooling the other, creating a heat flux that could be used to generate electrical current. The heat flux method of generating electrical energy is not new in itself, but the method developed by the research team to maintain the microscopically consistent hysteresis between silicon wafers is unprecedented.

The team saw a large number of applications for this heat transfer device. From cooling computer and mobile phone processors (improving their operating and functional life) to converting waste heat into electrical energy to increase battery life. The chip can also be used to power technologies that have their own heat sources in the physical environment (such as implantable medical devices). Of course, for economic technologies like this, the environmental benefits are enormous.

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