China University of Science and Technology has developed a completely controllable new quantum simulator
A reporter recently learned from the University of Science and Technology of China that Li Chuanfeng, a member of the academician Guo Guangcan's team, worked with a foreign research team to successfully develop a quantum simulator with adjustable photon frequency and phase. Programmable control can achieve arbitrary phase decoherence. The result was recently published in the international authoritative journal Nature.
The basic unit of a classic computer is a bit, and its value can be 0 or 1. Environmental interference causes the bit value to change from 0 to 1, and when 1 changes to 0, an error occurs. The basic unit of a quantum computer is a qubit, which can be in a superimposed state of 0 and 1. Even if 0 and 1 can remain unchanged under environmental interference, qubits will still make mistakes. This is because the environment can cause the phase between 0 and 1 to change, thereby changing the entire qubit and causing errors. This process is phase decoherence. Overcoming it is the biggest difficulty encountered in the development of quantum computers. If a fully controllable phase decoherence research platform can be constructed, the development process of quantum computers will surely be advanced.
The research team of Li Chuanfeng completed this task in the optical system. They took the polarization of a single photon as a qubit and the frequency of the photon as an environment to construct a fully controllable phase evolution quantum simulator. Through ingenious optical path design, the research group converted the frequency distribution of photons to spatial distribution, and converted two polarized lights into two parallel beams to input to the spatial light modulator. It can be constructed by programming and controlling the spatial light modulator Arbitrary frequency distribution and phase distribution of photons, thus achieving arbitrary phase decoherence process. As an example, the research group used a controllable phase decoherence quantum simulator to study a qubit coupled to the transverse Ising chain, showing its three kinds of paramagnetic phase, ferromagnetic phase and phase transition point. A completely different phase decoherence process. (Reporter Wu Changfeng)
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