Ballast and its working principle
The ballast is a device that acts as a current limiting device on the fluorescent lamp and generates an instantaneous high voltage. It is made by wrapping an enameled wire on a core made of silicon steel. Such a coil with a core is turned on/off instantaneously. The self-inductance generates a high voltage and is applied to the electrodes (filaments) at both ends of the fluorescent tube. This action is alternated. When the starter (bubble) is closed, the filament of the lamp is regulated by the ballast to conduct heat; when the starter is open, the ballast will automatically generate a high voltage. On the filaments at both ends of the tube, the filament emits electrons to bombard the fluorescent powder on the tube wall, and the starter repeats several times of switching, and this action is repeated several times to open the tube. When the lamp is normally illuminated, the internal resistance becomes small, and the starter is always kept open, so that the current is stably operated through the lamp tube and the ballast, so that the lamp normally emits light. Since the ballast always has electric current when it is working in the fluorescent lamp, it is easy to generate vibration and it will generate heat. Therefore, the fluorescent lamp with the ballast, especially when the ballast is of poor quality, will produce a large sound. It takes a long time and it is easy to burn.
Ballast sub-electronic ballasts and magnetic ballasts.
The significance of electronic ballasts for lighting quality and lighting energy efficiency:
(1) Energy saving. The electronic ballast of the fluorescent lamp is used to supply the lamp with a frequency of 20 to 60 kHz, so that the luminous efficiency of the lamp is increased by about 10% than that of the power frequency (by a length of 4 feet), and the power consumption is low, so that the total of the lamp The input power is reduced by about 20%, which has better energy saving effect.
(2) The stroboscopic light is eliminated, and the illuminating is more stable. It is beneficial to improve visual resolution and improve efficacy; reduce visual fatigue in continuous operation and help to protect eyesight.
(3) The starting point is more reliable. After starting the lamp, the starting point is successful and avoids multiple starting points.
(4) High power factor. Fluorescent lamps above 25W that meet national standards have a power factor higher than 0.90. However, it should be noted that the national standard has high harmonic limits for lamps below 25W, so that its power factor drops to 0.7~0.8.
(5) Stable input power and output luminous flux: High-quality products have good voltage regulation performance. When the power supply and voltage deviation are large, the light source can maintain constant power and stabilize the illumination, which is conducive to energy saving.
(6) Extend the life of the lamp. The constant power of the high-quality products and the decrease in the lamp current, as well as the reliability of the starting point, can extend the life of the lamp.
(7) Low noise. High-quality electronic ballasts can reach noises below 35db, and people can't feel the noise.
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