4 measures to solve soil salinization
At present, the soil acidification of cultivated land in southern China is relatively common. Some facility agriculture or field soils in the north also have soil acidification due to excessive use of nitrogen fertilizer. There is evidence that biochar is very effective in solving soil acidification problems.
How does acidic soil damage the root system? At pH 4, the root activity essentially disappears and the root cells have died. In Weinan, the average pH of the 2 million mu orchard is 4.68. We surveyed 1000 soil samples, many of which were below 4. Usually, the pH of the crop is about 7 or so. For citrus, various problems arise when the soil is particularly acidic.
At present, most of the improvement of acid soil is still using lime, especially in the south, because the pH value of the soil in the south can be reduced to about 4.5, and the acidification effect of lime treatment is realized. However, lime is prone to negative effects, and soil compacts that we often encounter are caused by improper use of lime. Acidic soils require new products and new mechanisms for soil improvement are needed. Biochar can improve acid soil, increase soil nutrients, and improve soil water retention and fertilizer retention.
Biochar is a product of carbonization of wood, grass, corn stover or other crop waste by pyrolysis in a low oxygen environment. The biochar used for improving the soil is generally controlled to be pyrolyzed at a temperature of 300 ° C to 500 ° C, and the charcoal itself is not burned. Most of us are currently converting some straw or waste into charcoal, which is really good for crop improvement. Because the straw is rich in nutrients, it has a large specific surface area and a microporous structure, which has a very good effect on biological activities.
We did this kind of comparative test in acidic soil: one piece of land did not fertilize the crop, and the other only applied biochar, to see if biochar had any effect. The results showed that the pH value of the plot using biochar increased by 0.51~2, the crop growth was good, and there was a certain yield in the later stage. Crops that do not use biochar are basically not long, there is a difference in seedling stage, the difference in flowering period is more significant, and finally there is no yield at all. Biochar is very effective in mediating the soil.
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